Singular Nouns:
Nouns can be singular and Plural.
when you are talking about just one thing or person, use singular noun.
EXAMPLES:
A tent A park An idea
A taxi A doctor An oven
A house A lady An exercise
Plural Nouns:
Use a plural noun when you are talking about two or more people, places or things.
Just add S to make most nouns plural:
SINGULAR/ PLURAL:
A computer Computers
A chair Chairs
A train Trains
A player Players
A taxi Taxis
A mountain Mountains
A river Rivers
An envelope Envelopes
An insect Insects
An oven Ovens
An uncle Uncles
NOTES:
1- Word called Articles or Determiners are used TO SIGNAL NOUNS:
EXAMPLES:
A river An armchair Three biscuits
A castle An idea Five egss
2- The article AN is used before NOUNS that BEGIN WITH THE VOWELS A,E,I,O,U.
EXAMPLES:
An Artist An eye
An Oven An umbrella
An insect
3- The article A is used before NOUNS that BEGIN WITH THE OTHER LETTERS, called CONSONANTS.
BUT some words dont follow the RULES.
A- EXAMPLES:
A uniform
A unit
A user
HERE YOU USE A not AN BECAUSE THE VOWEL U IN THESE WORDS IS PRONOUNCED LIKE THE WORD YOU.
B- EXAMPLES:
An hour
An heir
An honor
HERE YOU USE AN NOT A BECAUSE THE CONSONANT H IN THESE WORDS IS NOT PRONOUNCED.
1- NOUNS that ends in S, SS, CH, SH, OR X ARE MADE PLURAL BY ADDING ES:
SINGULAR/ PLURAL:
Bus Buses
Glass Glasses
Dress Dresses
Branch Branches
Church Churches
Beach Beaches
Sandwich Sandwiches
Witch Witches
Brush Brushes
Flash flashes
Box Boxes
Fox Foxes
2-Most NOUNS that end in Y are made PLURAL by Changing the Y TO I ad adding ES:
SINGULAR/ PLURAL
Baby Babies
Family Families
Story Stories
Teddy Teddies
Fairy Fairies
Puppy puppies
Housefly Houseflies
Library libraries
City cities
Lily lilies
Party parties
Dictionary Dictionaries
3- NOUNS that have VOWELS BEFORE THE Y ARE MADE PLURAL BY SIMPLY ADDING S AT THE END.
SINGULAR/PLURAL:
Key keys
Monkey Monkeys
Donkey Donkeys
Toy toys
Boy Boys
Cowboy Cowboys
Day days
Tray trays
Runway runways
Chimmey chimmeys
Trolley Trolleys
Valley Valleys
4- Many NOUNS that end in F are made PLURAL by changing THE F TO V AND ADDING ES:
SINGULAR/ PLURAL:
Half Halves
Leaf leaves
Shelf shelves
Wolf wolves
Thief thieves
5- BUT some NOUNS that END IN F ARE MADE PLURAL SIMPLY BY ADDING S:
SINGULAR/ PLURAL:
Chief Chiefs
Roof Roofs
handkerchief handkerchief
Cliff Cliffs
puff Puffs
-6- SOME NOUNS that end in F can be made PLURAL IN TWO WAYS:
SINGULAR/PLURAL:
Scarf Scarfs or Scarves
Hoof Hoofs or Hooves
Dwarf Dwarfs or Dwarves
Wharf Wharfs or wharves
7- MOST NOUNS THAT END IN FE ARE MADE PLURAL BY CHANGING THE F TO V AND ADDING S:
SINGULAR/PLURAL:
Knife Nives
Wife Wives
Life Lives
Midwife Midwife
8- MOST OF THE NOUNS THAT END IN O ARE MADE PLURAL BY ADDING S:
SINGULAR/PLURAL:
Video Videos
Hippo Hippos
Zoo Zoos
kangaroo Kangaroos
9-BUT OTHERS NOUNS THAT ENDS IN O ARE MADE PLURAL BY ADDING ES:
SINGULAR/PLURAL:
Tomato Tomatoes
Potato Potatoes
Hero Heroes
10- Some NOUNS CHANGE SPELLING FROM THE SINGULAR AND FROM THE PLURAL:
SINGULAR/ PLURAL:
Man Men
Woman Women
Child Children
Person people
Mouse mice
Tooth teeth
Foot feet
Goose geese
1- NOTE: THE PLURAL OF THE MOUSE THAT YOU USE WITH A COMPUTER IS MOUSES.
11- THE PLURAL FORM OF SOME NOUNS IS THE SAME AS THE SINGULAR FORM:
SINGULAR/ PLURAL:
Sheep Sheep not sheeps
Deer Deer not deers
Fish Fish not fishes
Aircraft Aircraft not aircrafts
Salmon salmon not salmons
2- NOTES: WHEN YOU ARE TALKIMG OF DIFFERENT KIND OF FISH, THE PLURAL CAN BE FISHES.
A- EXAMPLE:
1- THE VARIOUS FISHES OF THE INDIAN OCEAN.
12- SOME NOUNS ARE ALWAYS PLURAL:
PLURAL:
Trousers
Shorts
Jeans
Pants
Tights
Pajamas
Glasses
Spectacles
Goggles
Scissors
Binoculars
Pliers
13- SOME NOUNS ARE USUALLY PLURAL
Shoes
Sandals
Slippers
Boots
Chopstick
Gloves
clogs
Socks
3- NOTES: YOU CAN USE A PAIR OF WITH THESE PLURARL NOUNS:
EXAMPLES:
A pair of trousers
A pair of pants
A pair of glasses
Apair of Scissors
A pair of chopsticks
A pair of sandals
A pair of Gloves
EXERCISE: GRAMMAR:
1- Underline the correct NOUNS in the following sentences. Are they COMMON NOUNS OR PROPER NOUNS. Put an X in the correct word:
1-Do you like cheese? COMMON NOUNS----- PROPER NOUNS-----
2-they stood next to niagara falls. COMMON NOUNS--- PROPER NOUNS-----
3-May i borrow your Umbrella? COMMON NOUNS----- PROPER NOUNS-----
4-The ambulance was driving very fast. COMMON NOUNS--- PROPER NOUNS-----
5-Carl i did not agree with them. COMMON NOUNS---- PROPER NOUNS------
6-She loves to visit Disneyland. COMMON NOUNS----- PROPER NOUNS------
7-Would you like some more water? COMON NOUNS------ PROPER NOUNS------
8-The fog was very thick. COMMON NOUNS----- PROPER NOUNS------
9-May i invite Tom to join us? COMMON NOUNS------ PROPER NOUNS------
10-My car is very old. COMMON NOUNS------ PROPER NOUNS-----
2- Read the following Passage. Write S in the line after each singular NOUN and P in the line after each plural noun:
our teacher----- is a very nice Lady.----- Shes very kind to all the children-----in the class----- and
she tell us very funny stories----. yesterday, she told a story----- aboutthe animals-----on a farm----.
They all had a race-----.The pigs-----and sheeps------ ran faster than the ducks-----and cows-----, but the heroes-----of the story------ were the mice------.They were faster than all the other animals-----, even though they had the Shortest legs------.
3-Read the following passage. Notice that THE PLURAL NOUNS are MISSING. Write the correct PLURAL FORM of the SINGULAR NOUNS in the parentheses. The first one has been done for you.
Three ladies. ( lady) in pink--------- (dress) took their-------- (baby) For a walk in the zoo. They saw four------(Giraffe),three-------- (Hippo) ,two-------(Kangaroo) and an elephant. they walked for so long that their-------(foot) Became sore, so they sat down on a bench for a rest near some-------
(Monkey). The------(Monkey)were playing with carboard---------(Box)and throwing-----(Stick) at each other. After a while, the------(Lady) looked st their------(watch) and decided it was time to go Home.
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